台灣跨世代作家中文作品中的日語借用現象

Phenomenon of Japanese-Loaning in the Novels of Cross-generation Taiwan Writers

本論文目的在於透過『台灣作家全集』，來觀察曾以日文和中文兩種語言創作之跨時代作家，其中文作品中借用日語之情況。調查結果可得知以下三點：（1）跨世代作家的作品中約有六成可發現借用日語之詞彙，且各作品之日語借用率和作家的中文學習經歷有高度相關。（2）以借用型態來看，可大抵分為「借形」（漢字語）及「借音」（含漢字表記、羅馬字表記和直接使用假名）。其中借形的漢字評估壓倒性多數，高達90%以上，其特徵是多屬作家個人用語，且穩定性較低，因此還難以認定為「借詞」。（3）在借用成因方面，日治時期作家主要為表達新文明或概念，反之，跨世代作家多是因為中文能力不足，加以日文干涉，所產生的「過渡現象」，因此這些漢字語現金多蕩然無存。

This paper is aimed at investigating the phenomenon of Japanese-loaning in the novels of cross-generation Taiwan writers who used Taiwanese and Japanese through the observation on the book called Taiwanese literary works. According to our investigation, we discover much valuable information as follows. The first is that about 60% of cross-generation writer''s literatures have the phenomenon of loaning Japanese. The frequency of Japanese-loaning is highly correlated with writer''s experience of studying Chinese. The second is that the approach of Japanese-loaning can be classified into ”loan form” and ”loan pronunciation”. Over ninety percentages of Japanese-loaning words are Chinese character words. Since these words are personal terms of writers and the stability of these words is low, it is difficult to regard these words as loanwords. The third is that the cross-generation writers and those writers who were born in the period of Japanese occupation have different reasons to loan Japanese interference while the rear is due to their desire for decrypting new things or concepts. As a result, most of these Chinese character words have disappeared.