西鶴的武士故事中對復仇的描述──以『武道傳來記』與『武家義理物語』為主

Vengeance in Saikaku’s Stories about Warriors; Focus on“Transmission of the Martial”and“Tales of Samurai”

井原西鶴的有關武士的作品中之『武道傳來記』與『武家義理物語』，與其他如言情小說或有關市井小民的小說相比，只有獲得較低的評價。但是因為西鶴與同時代的武士非常親近，所以這些作品的內容亦有不少真實部分。這對近世時期的武士之瞭解多有助益，因此這些作品應該重新評價。不過西鶴的武士小說中對復仇的描寫，並非是華麗的內容，而是當事者悲慘的結局。這是因為代表當時武士道精神的復仇，本質上多有矛盾之處。所以在西鶴的武士故事中，並沒有對武士的存在理想化，而是描繪出身為一個常人的武士卻苦於現實社會中人際關係與制度上的矛盾。從這些觀點來看，這些是值得再重新評價的作品。

In general, Saikaku Ihara's stories about warriors, for example, ”Transmission of the Martial” and ”Tales of Samurai Honor,” were not as highly appraised as his other compositions such as erotic stories and town-people stories. However, because he was familiar with the warriors, there is much truth in his stories about warriors. These compositions are helpful to understand the spirit of Bushido and deserve reappraisal. On the other hand, because Saikaku sharply felt the contradictions in vengeance, which was the spirit of Bushido, his stories about vengeance were not glorious stories but cruel tragedies. Moreover, what these stories show was not the warriors as idealized existence but the warriors as men who suffered from the contradictions of the interpersonal relationship and the system in the real society. From these viewpoints, they are stories, which deserve reappraisal.