河東碧梧桐與句會 「綠珊瑚」會－新傾向俳句在臺灣之發展

Hekigotou Kawahigashi and“Rokusangou”; The development of the New Trend Haiku in Taiwan

河東碧梧桐在明治41（1908）年為了臺灣縱貫鐵路完工的取材而來到臺灣受到俳人們的熱烈歡迎。在此次臺灣行中，碧梧桐與俳人召開句會，將重視實際體驗、個性的「新傾向」風潮帶進了臺灣。當時的臺灣俳句界有「相思樹」及「綠珊瑚」會兩派形成對立狀態，綠珊瑚會自碧梧桐來訪後會歸屬碧梧桐派，並以新季題趣味的發現及開發為目標，吸引了眾人的支持。而綠珊瑚會的中心人物小林李坪推廣新傾向俳句，更在明治43（1910）年出版收錄臺灣季題的『臺灣歲時記』。諸如上述，在探討相思樹派及綠珊瑚會兩派勢力的消長時無法忽視碧梧桐的影響，另外碧梧桐的新傾向俳句運動也成為明治末期臺灣俳句發展的一個重要目標。而大正5（1916）年之後綠珊瑚會的影響力漸漸變弱，其背後深受著碧梧桐派分裂而勢微的影響。新傾向運動在臺灣俳句界的發展於明治末期達到頂點，而於大正初期急速衰退，但是臺灣季題的開拓在大正、昭和時期仍是俳句的創作重點。

Hekigotou Kawahigashi came to Taiwan as a journalist fir the news report on the commemoration of the opening to through traffic of Taiwan's Trunk Railroad Line in 1908. In the trip, he held a haiku gathering with Taiwanese haiku poets and brought the New Trend Haiku to Taiwan. There were conflicts between two haiku groups of ”Rokusangou” and ”Soushizyu” in Taiwan haiku circle at that time. Owing to the visit of Hekigotou ”Rokusangou” tended toward Hekigotou school and aimed to discover and create new haiku themes of nature. Rihei Kobayashi spread the New Trend Haiku in Taiwan, so in 1910 he published ”Taiwan Compendium of seasonal words”.In addition, the New Trend Haiku Movement became the important goal of the advancement of Taiwan haikus in the late Meiji Period. However, the Taiwanese mood was elaborated in haiku by Taiwanese haiku poets through Taisho and Showa era.