敬語表現成立過程的重要性－以 「to mooshimasu」與 「de gozaimasu」為中心

The Importance of the Process in the Use of Honorific Expressions: the Uses of“to mooshimasu”and“de gozaimasu”

本論文的目的在於探究自我介紹時的敬語表現中「tomooshimasu」「degozaimasu」的選擇使用基準。筆者以「敬語表現成立的過程」為研究基礎，並藉由教科書中的會話文來分析檢討敬語使用的本質。依據本文的分析可以瞭解到敬語選擇使用的情況。[1]雙方初次見面，且彼此也不熟悉的情況下，自己為了表達謙虛來提高對方的自我介紹說法，使用「to mooshimasu」。[2]即使雙方是初次見面，彼此的關係也不熟悉，但雙方「之前有通過電話」等的情況，且對方也知道有關自己的條件下可使用「de gozaimasu」。為說明敬語表現中的選擇使用，特別著重「敬語表現成立的過程」，並確立了其中「分歧點」的提出，可作為說明兩者的選擇使用基準。

This paper aims so identify the criteria that differentiate the varioususes of honorific expressions used in self-introduction—particularly, theuses of “to mooshimasu” and “de gozaimasu”. Focusing on the “processthat leads to using honorific expressions,” I have explored sometextbooks as to what gives rise to the use of honorifics.􀊳The investigationhas resulted in the confirmation of the following criteria[1] In the case of initial contact with less intimate relationship,expressions humiliating oneself and exalting others are used, such as “tomooshimasu.”[2] Even in the case of initial contact without intimate relationship,expressions such as “de goozaimasu” are likely to be used, if there isprevious communication between the two parties or if one party alreadyknows the other party.In conclusion, it has been found possible to explain the different usesof honorific expressions by focusing on the “process leading to itsultimate formation” and pointing out the exact turn-off points.