中文摘要 |
日語向來表示否定語意的前綴詞素之相關研究,主要是以分析「不-」「無-」「非-」「未-」等漢語前綴為主,然而,除了漢語系之外,例如「ノンキャリア」「ノンストップ」「ノーアイロン」「ノーコメント」等例子中的「ノン-」和「ノー-」這些外來語前綴也是表示否定語意的詞素,本計畫即是以「ノン-」及「ノー-」兩個外來語前綴詞素為考察對象,分析此二前綴其構詞特徵及否定的語意功能等,並論述二者前綴之間類似及相異之處。考察結果,有關構詞性質之特徵,「ノン-」及「ノー-」呈現類似現象,而「ノー-」雖然在原英文裡以及日文辭典內並不被視為前綴詞素,但實際上透過具體實例考察,發現它在日文裡比「ノン-」更發揮前綴詞素的構詞功能等。在否定的語意功能方面,「ノン-」和「ノー-」所表示的主要功能相異,二者呈現相反的現象;此外,也釐清了「ノン-」和「ノー-」之間有關〈行為性否定〉語意功能的差異性。 The prior Japanese studies in negative prefix are mostly about KANGO prefix such as“HU-”(「不」)“MU-”(「無」)“HI-”(「非」), and“MI-”(「未」) . However, besides KANGO prefix, GAILAIGO prefix such as“NON-”and“NO-”in“Non-kyaria”(「ノンキャリア」),“Non-sutoppu”(「ノンストップ」),“No-airon”(「ノーアイロン」),“No-komennto”(「ノーコメント」) are also morphemes showing negative sense. This project focuses on“Non-”and“No-”, and investigate their features of word formation and their negative semantic functions, discussing the similarities and difference between the two prefixes. According to the research, regarding the features of word formation,“Non-”and“No-”show similarities. However,“No-”, though not viewed as prefix in English or Japanese dictionary, is found functioning more as prefix than“Non-”in Japanese. As for the negative semantic functions, the main semantic functions that“Non-”and“No-”express are different, and they turn out to be opposite to each other ; moreover, the difference between“Non-”'s and“No-”'s semantic functions concerning“behavioral negative”is also clarified. |