現代社會「教改」論述的演變及其發展的結構性條件－－以台灣暨德國的教改論述為例

The Evolution of Discourses of "Educational Reform"and Its Structural Conditions in Modern Society:A Comparison between Taiwanese and German Educational Reform

儘管台灣和德國的社會文化背景極其迥異，研究觀察卻發現兩個國家教制的歷史演變呈顯有許多雷同性可供進一步思考及比較。透過跨國的比較，本文試圖說明兩個不同文化及政治背景的現代社會，在其現代化發展的過程中呈顯了什麼樣值得關注的共同特徵。本文從國家、市場及民間團體的這三個影響面向切入，發現不論在台灣或在德國，市場及民間團體這兩造對社會中「教育」的看法及定位有越來越重要的影響。

Some similarities can be found between the educational reform in Taiwan and Germany, which continue to occur in different cultural and political background. The similarities shall be viewed as the common characteristics of the modern societies. This study starts with analyzing three important agents in relation to the discursive construction of educational reform, i.e. the state, market and civil organizations. It shows that the market and civil organizations are becoming much more important nowadays.