臺灣離島海上客運航線營運評估模式與改 善策略研究 以臺東離島航線為例

A Study on Operation Evaluation Model and Improvement Strategy of Taiwan's Outlying Island Passenger Ocean Shipping Services – A Case of Taitung

離島海上客運之營運迥異於陸運及空運有其特殊性，縱使國內各離島海 上客運航線之營運特性亦不盡相同，除了少部分航線係因應旅客觀光 旅遊需求外，大部分航線仍以擔負解決離島民眾之基本民行為主要任務。鑑 於維持離島海上客運航線正常營運需考慮的層面及因素既廣泛且複雜，需藉 由收集專家意見從多層面及多準則方式予以考量，再加上專家決策具有語意 模糊性及資訊不確定性問題，有必要結合模糊理論加以處理。爰本研究利用 模糊德菲法選定評估準則後，再以綠島及蘭嶼航線為案例，藉由模糊層級分 析法確立各評估準則之相對權重並予以排序，並針對上開航線之重要評估準 則提出改善策略及具體措施，俾提供相關單位強化離島海上客運環境之參考。

Outlying island passenger ocean shipping services is different from land or air transportation services due to its unique operation. Even in Taiwan, operations of outlying island passenger ocean shipping services among those providers are different. While some service providers are specifically for tourism only, some others bear the responsibility of solving the basic daily needs of people living in outlying islands. From the complex aspects and factors involved in maintaining the normality of outlying island passenger ocean shipping services, the clarification of the multi aspects and multi criteria from experts is crucial. The Fuzzy Delphi Method is adopted to decide performance items for subsequent analysis. With the Green Island service and the Orchid Island service as our study cases, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is employed to deal with multi-criteria complexity, ambiguity of expert linguistics, and information uncertainty. From FAHP, we obtained the weight of each evaluation criterion. Furthermore, the study also proposed improvement strategies and precise measures to the evaluation criteria of the two services examined for the authorities to strengthen the passenger ocean shipping environment.