我國海事調查制度現況之研究

The Study on the Current Condition of Marine Investigation System in Taiwan

我國屬海島型國家此條件下，四周水域充滿過往與進出港船隻可謂交通 流龐大，依航港局官方數據去年海難有 233 件，平均 1.5 天發生 1 件 海事案件，如此頻繁之事故好發率，當海事發生就需進行海事調查以找出肇 因和真相，先前研究聚焦在只有航港局的海事調查處理，未將新成立之運安 會考量進整體海事調查體制中，本文將介紹海事定義、調查類型後，採用國 際上對海事調查業務所給準則「海事調查章程」、文獻回顧、他國體制比較、 法令分析等方式，探討我國剛開始採行之安全和行政雙軌制海事調查的最新 情況，之後發現新制度尚有安全與行政應分立清楚、安全調查啟動機制、行 政調查專法補強、雙調查單位合作雙贏或程序簡化等問題提出建議供主管機 關參考。

Taiwan is an island country surrounded by the sea. It is full of vessels entering, leaving the area. There were 233 ship accidents recorded in the year of 2019 according to the official data published by the Maritime and Port Bureau (MPB). The statistic shows an average one marine case occurring every one and half days. When a marine incident occurs, it leaves marine case investigation to work on root cause and truth finding. Few studies concentrated on the newly established Taiwan Transportation Safety Board (TTSB) into the marine investigation system where previous associated studies mostly focused on the MPB, s marine investigation process. The article will begin by introducing the definition of marine incident and the types of investigation. Furthermore, the casualty investigation code, as known as CI Code, is the international marine investigation standard they will be illustrated as well. The aim is to explore the newly established Taiwan dual-track marine investigation and found that the new system still has issues such as administrative investigation should be separated, safety investigation should be properly initiated, administrative investigation need to be supplemented by special laws, cooperation between the two investigating units, mutual benefits cooperation or streamlined procedures.