應用資訊科技於藥品管理以提升藥品安全

Application of Information Technology in Medication Management to Improve Drug Safety

為提升藥品安全，本文蒐集國內與已開發國家應用智慧科技於藥事服務之現況及趨勢，期做為未來管理及推動資訊科技（information technology, IT）或人工智慧（artificial intelligence, AI），應用於藥事服務政策之參考。此研究使用電子文獻資料庫MEDLINE與EMBASE搜尋關鍵字，利用布林邏輯搜尋並篩選2014至2018年之綜述以及最新的文獻，彙整先進國家資訊科技及人工智慧在醫事機構藥品管理和使用（medication management and use, MMU）的應用及法規，分為五部分說明：（1）健康資訊科技（health information technology, HIT）與臨床決策支持系統（clinical decision support system, CDSS）、（2）閉環式藥品管理（closed-loop medication administration, CLMA）、（3）藥局自動化（pharmacy automation）、（4）網路藥局（online pharmacy）、（5）新興科技與應用。讓讀者了解世界趨勢並設法應用於我國，以與世界各國一同響應WHO「第三屆全球病人安全挑戰─用藥無傷害」，確保藥品安全。

This article aims to improve drug safety and serve as a reference for future information technology (IT) and artificial intelligence (AI) pharmaceutical service polices by reviewing the application of pharmacy IT in Taiwan and other developed countries. We reviewed original and review articles between 2014 and 2018 selected through keyword and Boolean logic search on MEDLINE and EMBASE. The articles cover five domains: (1) health information technology (HIT) and clinical decision support system (CDSS); (2) closed-loop medication administration; (3) automation in pharmacy; (4) online pharmacy; and (5) novel technologies and their application. To echo “the Third WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge: Medication Without Harm”, our goal is to provide an overview of the global trend in IT and AI pharmaceutical services as well as a perspective of how they could be applied in Taiwan.