智慧資本與動態能耐對研發團隊創新績效的影響

The Influence of Intellectual Capital and Dynamic Capabilities on R&D Teams' Innovative Performance

在動態環境下，智慧資本觀點較無法適當解釋組織為何有能力回應快速變動的外在環境。本研究主張，研發團隊的動態能耐是「運用」智慧資本的關鍵因素，進而影響創新績效。另一方面，具信度與效度的動態能耐衡量量表尚待建構，以實證動態能耐觀點。基於上述研究缺口，本文理論貢獻包括：(1)結合智慧資本與動態能耐兩觀點進行研究，彌補智慧資本觀點之不足；(2)發展出動態能耐衡量題項；(3)實證智慧資本與動態能耐對創新績效之影響關係。本文分四階段研究：第一階段產生研究題項，並進行內容效度處理；第二與第三階段分別回收有效問卷111份與138份；第四階段則以工研院研發團隊為樣本，每個團隊至少由兩位以上員工填答，共拜訪140名主管與研究員，經兩兩配對後，有效團隊問卷共66組。13項假說有10項受到支持，研究結果驗證本研究的主要論點，亦即智慧資本對研發團隊創新績效的直接影響效果並不顯著；而研發團隊的動態能耐在智慧資本與創新績效之間扮演關鍵角色。

This research applied the theory of intellectual capital (IC) to stable environments, but did not appropriately explain why an organization has the capability to respond to rapidly changing external environments. This research suggests that, the dynamic capabilities (DCs) of R&D teams are the key factors in utilizing IC and have further effect on innovative performance. On the other hand, tools with reliability and validity for measuring DCs remain insufficient and require construction. Based on the above research gap, this paper mainly contributed to: 1)research on the combination of IC and DCs to compensate the insufficiencies of the IC theory; 2) the development of DCs measurement items; 3) empirically demonstrate the significant effects of IC and DCs on innovative performance.There are four studies included in this research. The goal of Study 1 is to generate initial research items and address the issue of content validity. Next, 111 and 138 valid questionnaires are returned in Studies 2 and 3, respectively. Finally, Study 4 collects the samples from the R&D teams of ITRI (Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan). The researchers visited each R&D team in ITRI with no less than two staff members. More than 140 supervisors and researchers were interviewed in this study. After making pairs, 66 valid teams completed the process of entire questionnaires. After hypotheses testing, ten of thirteen hypotheses are supported. The results verify the major viewpoints of this research, as follows; there is no significantly direct effect of IC on R&D team's innovative performance. However, the R&D team's DCs play key and significant roles between IC andinnovative performance.