阿拉伯人的民族認定一對''標準阿拉伯語''(al──Fushah)與''生活阿拉伯語''(al──'Amiyyah)的解析

The Identification of the Ethnos of the Arabs: The Analysis of al-Fushah and al-'Amiyyah

擁有2億人口的「阿拉伯人」全都屬於一個「阿拉伯民族」嗎？從民族學「民族認定」的角度檢視，這是不能成立的。雖然阿拉伯人共同使用(符號略)（al-Fushah，標準阿拉伯語）為共通語及書面用語，但是在日常生活上，他們在親朋好友鄰里同鄉之間用各自不同(符號略)（al-'Amiyyah，生活阿拉伯語）交談。阿拉伯各種生活語之間差異極大，本文嘗試強調這種差異，並根據這種差異以及「一種語言對應一個民族」的原則，重新檢視「阿拉伯人」，得到「阿拉伯人」的範圍內包含了「阿拉伯民族集團」與「非阿拉伯民族集團」；而「阿拉伯民族集團」內又可區分為13個「民族」的結論，並據此將「阿拉伯民族」定位。

Do all of the 200 million Arabs belong to one single Arabic ethnos? From the viewpoint of ethnos identification of the ethnology, the answer is apparently not. Although (the symbol is abbreviated) al-Fushah (the standard Arabic) is the formal verbal and written language by all Arabs, (the symbol is abbreviated) al-'Amiyyah (the local living languages) are used to communicate with relatives, friends and neighbors. The local Arabic languages vary substantially. This research identifies the differentiation of all the 'Amiyyah and matches each of them with one ethnos. It concludes that the Arabs are comprised of two fundamental groups, the conglomerate of Arabic ethnos and the conglomerate of non-Arabic ethnos, and the former one can be further divided into thirteen ethnos. This research classifies the Arabs accordingly.