對方東美先生超越觀的方法學意義之反思

A Reflection on the Meaning of Thome H. Fang's Transcendental Methodology

方東美先生（1899～1977）是當代新儒家中極具代表性人物， 當代學者解讀其學問時常以機體主義、生生之德等議題加以討論， 而這些議題的基礎實皆以其超越形上學為根據。而其所論的超越， 以及形成其超越的背景，似皆內含某種型態的方法論貫穿其體系， 彰顯出其學問特徵；本文即欲探討此方法論的現代意義，反思其 重視演繹思維，以及強調藝術與原始等的特徵如以方法學角度審 視時的時代價值，檢視其如何可避免其理論陷入單向性，既可統 合人文與自然，又可兼顧理性與理性之外不可言說的世界。

As a prominent figure in contemporary Neo-Confucianism, Thome H. Fang's knowledge is often discussed nowadays in light of such topics as organism and the virtue of creative creativity, which are founded on his transcendental metaphysics. There seems to be some kind of methodology throughout Fang's transcendentalism and the background of his transcendental thinking that highlights the features of his learning. This article is meant to inquire the modernity of this methodology, reflect on the epochal meanings of his emphasis on deductive thinking and attention to arts and originality from the methodological perspective, and examine how to prevent his theories from being unilateral while combining humanism and nature, reason and the unspeakable world beyond reason.