臺灣總督府職員錄系統在人文研究之應用：以日治臺灣初等學校教師及其跨境為中心

Application of Taiwan Sotokufu Personnel Directory to Research in Humanities: Study of Elementary School Teachers in Japanese Colonial Taiwan

本文旨在以「臺灣總督府職員錄系統」數位內容資訊，探析日治時期臺灣公 學校、小學校、國民學校之初等教師人力發展與跨境移動。以數位系統所收錄由 官方每年編印之職員名錄，自 1896 年至 1944 年間，近 50 年、95 萬筆數位內容資 訊，觀察初等學校教育體制與教師人事實態之全面性圖像與長期性變化。進而， 實證剖析數位內容加值與資訊分析工具，對深化人文研究應用的可行模式。 本文在內容架構上，先探討日治時期教育體制與教育史相關研究成果；其次 闡述《臺灣總督府職員錄》編印發行之經緯與所刊載名錄資訊特色，以及職員錄 系統數位內容加值與研究資料補正之過程，解釋史料來源產生脈絡和數位內容資 訊價值；最後，擷取自 1906 年至 1942 年間職員錄數位資料集，先整體分析初等 學校設置與教師人數、初等學校教師佔公職人力的比重與變化、以及教師資格與 出身地等全面性師資結構，再分別探究日籍人士來臺擔任初等教師在公職比例和 各都道府縣的差異，以及臺籍教師歷年人數與比例變化，和自 1921 年至 1942 年 間各州廳臺籍教師人力分布及其跨境移動任教的實態。

This study explores the possibility of applying "Taiwan Sotokufu Personnel Directory" to research in humanities. Developed by Archives of Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica, this Directory contains the staff records of the Taiwan Sotokufu during the Japanese colonial period between 1896 and 1944. The 950,000 records in the Directory are unique, continuous and integral. This research focuses on elementary school teachers with special emphasis on classification and quantitative analysis of digital records in the Directory to ensure accuracy of research. Changes in teacher composition and the elementary school education system, including primary schools, common schools, and kokumin gakko, were examined. Although application of the Directory has some limitations, the findings evidenced the usefulness of both value-added process and data mining technique for in-depth humanities research.