六週戰繩訓練介入對大專男子網球選手肌力與網球發球表現之影響

The effects of a six-week battle rope training intervention on muscle strength and tennis serve performance of male college tennis players

緒論：網球發球是一項全身性的複雜動作技能，也是比賽中一項非常關鍵的得分要素。而戰繩訓練則有益於特定動態訓練動作的表現。目的：探討為期六週的戰繩訓練對大專乙組男子網球選手在肌力與發球表現之影響。方法：招募16名大專男子網球選手（年齡：21.44 ± 1.67歲；身高：174.38 ± 5.81公分；體重：63.31 ± 7.12公斤；國際網球技術等級測驗 （international tennis number, ITN）級數：6.94 ± 0.44級）為研究對象，隨機分為8名為戰繩組（battle rope, BR）與8名為控制組（control, CON）。兩組接受每週三次，每次三小時的團體網球訓練。BR組進行2小時的網球技術訓練及1小時的戰繩訓練，持續6週。CON組進行3小時的網球訓練。兩組於6週訓練前、後皆進行肌力與網球發球表現的測驗。結果：BR組在肌力（慣用手握力、仰臥推舉、硬舉、過頂拋藥球擲遠，提升幅度約6－20%）、發球表現（準確性落地得分、準確性力量得分、穩定性得分、發球總得分，提升幅度約15－61%）的後測結果皆優於前測（p ＜ .05）。結論：大專乙組男子網球選手透過6週戰繩訓練，能顯著提升肌力表現（慣用手握力、仰臥推舉、硬舉、過頂拋藥球擲遠）及發球準確性（準確性落地得分、準確性力量得分、穩定性得分、發球總得分）各項得分表現。本研究之發現則可對網球教練與選手提供實證性的科學資料，作為長期訓練規劃與平時訓練之參考依據。透過戰繩訓練將可對網球發球準確性、穩定度及一般性與專項性肌力發展產生正向提升之適應現象。

Introduction: Tennis serve is a systematic and complex skill and a key element for scoring. Battle rope training can provide a benefit for specific dynamic performance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of battle rope training on muscle strength and tennis serve performance in undergraduate male tennis players. Methods: Sixteen undergraduate male tennis players (age: 21.44 ± 1.67 years; height: 174.38 ± 5.81 cm; weight: 63.31 ± 7.12 kg; ITN scale: 6.94 ± 0.44) were recruited as subjects and divided into a battle rope group (BR, n = 8) or control group (CON, n = 8) by random design. After recruitment, all subjects were trained for 6 weeks (three times per week, 3 hours per session). The BR group conducted 2 hours of tennis technical training along with 1 hour of battle rope training and CON group conducted 3 hours of tennis training. Both groups underwent muscle strength and a serve test before and after the 6-week training. Results: The BR group showed better performance (~6-20% improvement) on muscle strength performance (grip strength, supine press, hard lift, long throw) at post-test than pre-test (p ＜ .05), and the BR group also demonstrated a ~15-61% improvement in serve performance (scoring accuracy, scoring power, scoring consistency, total score) after 6 weeks of training (p ＜ .05). Conclusion: The 6-week battle rope training significantly improved muscle performance (grip strength, supine press, hard lift, long throw) and serve performance (scoring accuracy, scoring power, scoring consistency, total score) in undergraduate male tennis players. The findings of this study can provide a scientific basis for tennis coaches and athletes as a reference for developing long-term training plans and regular training. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest that battle rope training can provide a positive development for tennis serve accuracy, consistency, and general and specific muscle strength performance.