以徵收動態性匝道費緩解國道塞車之可行性研究──以國道五號為例

Feasibility Study on Reducing National Traffic Jam with Dynamic Ramp Fees--Taking National Road No. 5 as an Example

國五塞車，舉國皆知，雖然政府及民間都多方設想提出紓解方案但皆未見成效。本研究嘗試提出，以徵收依塞車嚴重狀況而連動調整的動態性『匝道費』收費制度。透過對用路人對塞車的耐受性及願付價格意願的了解，企圖利用『以價制量』的方式來解決國五的塞車問題。本研究以條件評估法（Contingent Valuation Method, CVM）推估遊客匝道費之願付價格，並探討人口背景、環境態度、收費管制認同度、塞車耐受度，對其之影響。以年滿二十歲且有造訪過宜蘭的遊客為研究對象，共得到545份有效樣本。研究結果發現：（1）複迴歸模式進行估算的匝道費之願付價格為10.10元，可望降低52.5%的車流。（2）收費管制認同度、環境態度、人口背景對於匝道費之願付價格有預測力|（3）塞車耐受度對匝道費之願付價格則並無預測力。本研究結果可提供相關管理單位與後續研究之參考。

National Highway No. 5 traffic jam is well known throughout the country. Although the government and the private sector have all envisaged a solution, they have not achieved results. This study attempts to propose a dynamic “ramp fee” charging system that is levied and adjusted in accordance with the serious situation of the traffic jam. Through the understanding of the passers-by to the traffic jam and the willingness to pay the price, we attempted to solve the problem of traffic jam on National Highway No. 5 by means of the “price system”. This study uses the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to estimate the willingness to pay for tourists' ramp fees, and to explore the impact of population background, environmental attitudes, Charge control approval, Traffic jam tolerance, the impact on it. For the 20-year-old tourists who have visited Yilan, a total of 545 valid samples were obtained. The results of the study found that: (1) The estimated price of the ramp fee estimated by the complex regression model is 10.10 yuan, which is expected to reduce the traffic flow by 52.5%. (2) Charge control approval, environmental attitude, and demographic background are predictive of the willing price of the ramp fee (3) The congestion tolerance is not predictive of the willingness to pay for the ramp. The results of this study can provide reference for relevant management units and subsequent research.