「科舉之廢而未廢」――清末己酉（1909）優拔考試再研究

Examination: Not Yet to Abolish: Study on Youba Examination 優拔考試 in 1909

廢科舉後，清廷保留了優拔考試作為善後之策。而廣為朝野重視的己酉（1909）優拔考試吸引了大量考生，尤其是具有新式身分的人參加，引起很大的反響。此研究將觀察清廷從中央到地方的決策者與各級主官對於優拔考試的態度、各地士子對舊時科舉制度的慣性依賴，和對優拔考試的新起崇拜情況，以及評估科舉廢除形勢下優拔等考試替代鄉會試的作用、科舉廢除的社會影響究竟如何等問題。

After the abolishment of the imperial Examination, the Qing dynasty preserved the Youba examination 優拔考 as a remedial measure. The Jiyou 己酉 examination in 1909 attracted numerous students to attend, especially those who had a new identity, evoking wide social repercussions. This paper investigates the attitude of the decision-makers and officials from the central government to local governments, toward local scholars' chronic dependence on the Examination 科舉制 and their new superstitious belief in the Youba examination, so as to evaluate the alternative role played by the Youba under the new situation and the social effect of abolishing the Examination