日治中期臺灣的社會事業（1921－1938）：定義社會問題、輸送福利與傳遞知識

Social Welfare in Japanese Colonial Taiwan (1921-1938): Redefining Social Problems, Delivering Social Provisions, and Popularizing Knowledge

社會事業制度在日本殖民統治中期引進臺灣，取代了舊有的慈惠院救濟制度，象徵殖民社會福利政策嶄新的一頁。本文分析日治中期社會事業成立之背景與社會問題再定義的過程，也探討此時期福利治理的兩個重要機制，首先是方面委員的設置，殖民政府如何透過方面委員協助進行社會調查、評估社會問題，並將社會服務輸送到一般民眾手中。其次為社會事業知識如何傳遞，本文以臺灣社會事業協會之成立及其組織運作為討論核心，檢視知識普及之成效。本文最後指出，社會事業重新定義了社會問題與社會本身，且藉由新組織展開的社會安全網，除了是國家與社會新的統合機制，同時各種社會事業團體在協力過程中使一定程度的社會自主空間成為可能。

The ''shakai jigyou'' (social welfare) system was designed to replace the old relief program in Japan and was implemented in Taiwan in the 1920s as a result of the assimilation policy. Its establishment marked a great shift in the colonial welfare system. This article analyzes the development of shakai jigyou and how the colonial government redefined social problems in Taiwan. How homen iin (district commissioners) helped to survey the poor and delivered social services as well as social provisions to the general public was also discussed. This article further investigates how the Taiwan Social Work Association professionalized shakai jigyou but failed to popularize the knowledge of shakai jigyou.