臺灣性侵害犯罪加害人社區處遇之現況與檢討

The Community-Based Treatment for Sexual Offenders in Taiwan: Current Situation and Criticism

本文主要目的在探討我國性侵害犯罪之現況，並透過文獻深入探討性侵害加害人之心理與行為特質、我國性侵害社區處遇模式政策及實務上操作所遭遇之問題。並進一步參酌美國、加拿大與英國之社區處遇執行方式，做為國內操作性侵害社區處遇時需注意與改善之參考。整體而言，我國性侵害社區處遇主要有以下六大問題：一、社區處遇專業人員培訓與溝通合作協調之缺失。二、社區處遇之實施缺乏主導與統合之單位。三、性侵害加害人假釋處遇之「規定內容」無法嚴格落實。四、性侵害加害人未遵守「參與治療之約束」之處理並未嚴格執行。五、未落實社區處遇團隊成員之專業資格與組成。六、性侵害治療課程之差異性太高。並分別就社區處遇行政、專業與角色定位上提出具體建議：一、行政方面(一)「社區處遇計畫」之原則與實施之「標準化」與「科學化」。(二)「性侵害」專業課程與教育訓練制定之建立與強制要求。二、專業方面(一)各層次之治療方式，推動統一化的「合作治療」。(二)測謊訓練與介入之必要。三、社區處遇團隊角色功能與定位需進一步釐清。

The main purpose of this article was to explore the current policy and program of the community-based treatment for sexual offenders in Taiwan. A comparative literature review was conducted to understand the sexual offenders' psychological characteristics, behaviors, domestic model of the community-based treatment and related problems across America, Canada and UK. Based on the review, the authors make recommendations and criticism for future legislative solutions. The findings conclude that there're several problems of the community-based treatment in Taiwan: (a) the lack of training and communicative competence for community-based treatment professionals; (b) the lack of administrative and coordinated organization in community-based treatment; (c) the ineffective relationship between the parole for sexual offenders and the practice in community-based treatment; (d) sexual offenders who drop out of the treatment cannot be restrained by the regulation effectively; (e) community-based treatment professionals' qualifications falls short of their duty assignment; (f) the high heterogeneity of the treatment for sexual offenders. Based on the findings of this study, further suggestions were summarized as follows: (a) the principle and practice of community-based treatment should be standardized and scientific; (b) the professional training program should be reconstructed and those worked with sexual offenders should compel attendance; (c) cooperation should be integrated into all aspects of treatment; (d) polygraph training is necessary in this program; (e) the role and position of community-based treatment should be clarified.