從海洋休閒觀光發展探討臺灣海洋政策與法規

Exploring Taiwan's marine policies and regulations from the perspective of marine leisure tourism development

本研究目的為分析臺灣海洋相關部會、政策、法規之沿革以及與海洋休閒觀光產業之關係。透過文獻分析以及全國法規資料庫查詢相關部會執掌、政策與法令之具體規範，並據以討論。結果發現：（一）臺灣涉海之相關部會繁多，各有其業務職掌與管轄範圍，也據此有其功能分區。（二）2001年首次公布海洋白皮書宣示海洋國家與海洋立國的基本觀念後，接續陸續公布國家海洋相關政策綱領。（三）海洋休閒觀光涉及領域廣泛，所以主管機關與對應法令類別複雜繁多，涵蓋了海洋政策、海洋安全、海洋產業、海洋資源及環境保護、觀光產業、水域活動與運動相關等，也需服膺國土三法以及與組織四法之規範。建議未來在經營、開發與應用海洋休閒觀光產業仍需：相關部會明確分工與落實整合、法令補強與宣導、傳統用海活動重視、海洋休閒觀光意識的培養、專業人才培育與認證系統、水域遊憩安全教育及緊急救護系統建置。

The purpose of this study was to analyze the evolution of Taiwan's marine related ministries, policies, regulations, and the relationship with the marine leisure and tourism industry. Using the literature analysis and the national regulatory database to inquire about the specific specifications of the relevant ministry, policies and decrees, and discuss them accordingly. The findings were: (A) There were many relevant departments in Taiwan involving the marine, each with its own business and jurisdiction, and also has its functional division. (B) After the marine white paper was first announced in 2001 to declare the basic concepts of the maritime nation, the national marine related policy program was successively announced. (C) Marine leisure tourism involved a wide range of fields, so the competent authorities and corresponding laws and regulations were complex. It covers marine policy, maritime security, marine industry, marine resources and environmental protection, tourism industry, water activities and sports, etc. It was also necessary to serve the three laws of the country and the norms of the organization. It was recommended that the marine leisure tourism industry still needs to be operated, developed and applied in the future. Include: relevant departments will clearly define the division and implementation of integration; reinforcement and promotion of the decree; pay attention to traditional sea activities; cultivation of marine leisure tourism awareness; professional talent cultivation and certification system; water recreation safety education; and emergency ambulance system construction.