違反女性意願性交及性侵害兒童量表的建立初探

Establishing the Women's Sexual Assault Scale and the Children's Sexual Abuse Scale

本研究只在發展一份適用於台灣地區的性侵害行為量表，內容包含「違反女性意願性交量表」（含脅迫性交及強制性交兩個分量表）以及「性侵害兒童量表」（含猥褻兒童及與兒童性交兩個分量表）兩部分。針對男性成年犯、少年犯、以及一般男性學生進行無記名自陳式問卷調查，得到有效問卷數680份。以內部一致性係數考量表的一致性信度、以相隔一周的前後測考驗量表的再測信度、以因素分析檢定量表的因素效度、以強暴迷思接受性考驗違反女性意願性交量表的購念效度、以性侵害兒童迷思接受考驗性侵害兒童量表的構念效度、以監獄成人犯在量表上的自陳情形與法院判決紀錄進行比對而考驗量表的校標關聯效度。研究結果顯示，本研究發展的「違反女性意願性交量表」及「性侵害兒童量表」，具有可接受的內部一致性係數、隔周再測信度、因素校度、構念校度、及校標關聯校度。最後就高敏感問卷作答的可靠性、性侵害行為官方統計的高犯罪黑數、以量表或刑事司法判決辨識性侵害者的比較、共同方法變異的問題、違反女性意願性交及性侵害兒童量表的應用、及本研究的限制與未來研究方向進行討論。

This study developed sexual aggression scales suitable for research and practical use in Taiwan. We developed the Women's Sexual Assault Scale (containing the 'sexual coercion' and 'rape' subscales) and the Children's Sexual Abuse Scale (containing the 'child obscenities' and 'sexual intercourse with children' subscales). Participants included male inmates from a northern Taiwan prison, male juvenile delinquents from a northern Taiwan reform institute, and students from senior high schools and universities in Taiwan. An anonymous self-reported questionnaire was adopted to collect data. The internal consistent reliability of the scales was examined using Cronbach's alpha, the one-week test-retest reliability was examined at the pretest and post-test, and the factorial validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis. The construct validity of the Women's Sexual Assault Scale was examined using rape myth acceptance, the construct validity of the Children Sexual Abuse Scale was examined using child molestation myth acceptance, and the criterion-related validity was verified by comparing the self-reports of prison inmates on the scales and their court record. The results showed that both the Women's Sexual Assault Scale and the Children's Sexual Abuse Scale have acceptable internal consistent reliability, test retest reliability, factorial validity, construct validity, and criterion-related validity.Finally, the reliability of the self-report on highly sensitive questions, the dark figure regarding official sexual offense statistics, comparisons between methods to identify sexual aggressors using the self-reporting scale and the court verdict, the common method variance problem, applications of the Women's Sexual Assault Scale and the Children's Sexual Abuse Scale, limitations, and future study directions were addressed.