護理人員人格特質、工作滿意度、留任意願之探討

Study on personality, job satisfaction, and retention of nursing staff

目的：如何有效的留任護理人員是醫院管理者的目標與挑戰，本研究調查某區域教學醫院之護理人員進行其人格特質、工作滿意度與留任意願的關係之探討。方法：本研究利用「橫斷性研究調查」（cross-sectional survey），以結構式問卷進行，自2017年10月15日至2017年10月31日止。問卷一律以不記名方式收集，共發出350份問卷，有效問卷共337份，有效回收率為96％。結果：本研究對象中顯示41-50歲護理人員之留任意願大於21-30歲與31-40歲。已婚者留任意願高於未婚者。子女人數2人者留任意願大於無子女者。現職機構年資16年以上人員留任意願高於1-5年，而護理工作總年資16年以上人員，人員留任意願高於6-10年人員；不同人格特質（type A/B）並不會影響臨床護理人員之留任意願。本研究對象之留任意願總合平均數為3.00分（±.58），表示研究對象對於留任於研究醫院之意願呈現中等程度。結論：對「留任意願」建構之迴歸模式顯示護理人員個人屬性其中「年齡」、「子女人數」與「外在工作滿意度」會影響留任意願，對提供護理主管參考有幫助。

Objective: Retaining nursing staff is the goal of and challenge posed to hospitaladministrators. This study investigates the relationships among personality, job satisfaction, andretention of nursing staff in a regional teaching hospital.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional survey. A structured questionnaire was implementedfrom October 15-31, 2017. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, and 337 questionnaireswere returned, yielding a response rate of 96%.Results: This study showed that nurses aged 41-50 years were more willing to remain intheir position than those aged 21-30 years or 31-40 years. Married nurses were more willing toremain than unmarried nurses were. Respondents with more than two children were more willingto remain in their position than were those with no children. Those with seniority of more than16 years were more willing to remain than were those with seniority of 1-5 years. Respondentswith more than 16 years of nursing experience were more willing to remain in position than werethose with 6-10 years. Personality type (type A/B) did not affect willingness to remain in position.The average score of willingness to stay was 3.00 (±0.58) points, indicating that the respondents’willingness to remain in their position was moderate in the investigated research hospital.Conclusion: The regression model revealed that 'age', 'number of children', and 'extrinsicjob satisfaction' affected the respondents’ willingness to remain in their position. This provides ahelpful reference for nursing supervisors.