以多車種交通量指派與運具選擇整合模型評估大眾運輸導向城市運輸績效之研究

A Multiple-Vehicle-Classes Traffic Assignment and Mode Choice Combined Model for Assessing the Transport Performance of a Transit-Oriented Development City

雖然大眾運輸導向的都市運輸規劃政策有助於達到運輸永續發展的目標，但就運輸規劃模型的發展上，評估大眾運輸導向的運輸規劃模型卻仍有不足，故本研究建立一大眾運輸導向之多車種交通量指派與運具選擇整合模型，同時考量大眾運輸導向之運具選擇與用路人路徑選擇行為的關係，包含第一哩及最後一哩的無縫運輸問題，以及路網上多車種之間相互影響的問題，並進行相關數學性質的證明。以對角化法結合梯度投影法求解，並以數值範例說明模型的正確性與特性。由研究成果可知，本研究所提出的模型與求解方法可用以評估大眾運輸導向發展產生之運輸需求，並可提供做為大眾運輸導向發展的評估依據。

Urban transportation demand increases with the growing number of socio-economic activities, which derives a variety of traffic problems. There are two main objectives: to ensure a proper development of a city’s transportation services and to reduce externalities caused by private transport modes. Emphasizing the use of transit-oriented development (TOD) in urban transport planning strategies is necessary to achieve the objectives. In transportation management, when planners tend to design TOD, the first step is to determine the potential needs for transit. However, there is an insufficient amount of research based on estimating the need for TOD. We propose a traffic planning model to assess the transport performance of a TOD city. The proposed model tests modal split and route choice simultaneously, which explains the seamless issue of the first mile and last mile derived by transit, and the interaction of multiple vehicle classes in the network at the same time. We develop an algorithm which combined diagonalization method and gradient projection method to solve this proposed model. This research report includes numerical examples for model validation purposes. Finally, we expect the computational results justify that the model and algorithm we proposed can evaluate the TOD traffic assignment problem completely and also provide the guidance to the TOD assessment.