潛在構念測量研究長期被忽視的細節：臺灣運輸相關研究之回顧

What Details Have Been Left Out in Latent Construct Measurement: A Review of Relevant Taiwan Transportation Research

潛在構念測量程序的前半部分－理論視角、構念定義與測量模式設定並沒有受到足夠的重視；然而，此三個步驟卻是潛在構念實徵研究是否可信的關鍵。本研究以「批判實在論」及「認識關聯」的角度出發，闡釋此三個步驟在潛在構念測量程序中的重要性，接著回顧「運輸計劃季刊」與「運輸學刊」於2001年至2012年間所刊登之33篇相關研究內的182個構念，檢視其是否適切地遵循潛在構念測量程序。研究結果顯示，有58.2％直接引用西方理論為理論視角，39％無理論基礎；51.6％沿用西方定義，31.9％無定義；26.4％校估與定義不合。本研究揭櫫潛在構念測量程序之議題，並提出相關之結論與建議，提供國內運輸研究者日後進行潛在構念測量相關研究時之參考。

Following the correct procedure of latent construct measurement is a key step to get reliable empirical research results. Three key steps of latent construct measurement often neglected by transportation psychologists -- theoretical background, construct definition and measurement model specification, are addressed. This study indicates the importance of these three steps by drawing on Critical Realism and Epistemic Correlation. A total of 33 relevant articles with 182 latent constructs published in Transportation Planning Journal Quarterly and Journal of the Chinese Institute of Transportation during 2001 to 2012 are inspected to see whether their latent constructs were designed properly. The study results show that 58.2% of the constructs are implanted with western theories; 26.4% of which have no theoretical background. 51.6% of the definitions of constructs are given by western research; 31.9% of which lacks definition. 26.4% of the constructs are not properly manipulated due to inconsistency between construct definition and validation. The importance of designing latent constructs discreetly is emphasized and some useful conclusions and suggestions are also raised for reference.