淺談天津天后宮與其拴娃娃習俗

An Introduction of Mazu Cult of Tien-hou Temple in Tianjin and its Custom of Tying the Doll

天津天后宮為中國北方媽祖信仰的傳播中心，經過六百餘年發展的天津媽祖信仰，不僅保持了媽祖信仰的傳統，且造就別其特色的媽祖信仰文化。媽祖文化在天津是一種歷史與現實文化的結合，作為航海保護神的媽祖，演變成為天津的城市保護神，並陸續衍發馬公、曹公等本地俗神；另一方面，罕見的「拴娃娃」、「洗娃娃」等特殊民俗活動與天津天后宮產生連結，皆彰顯天津媽祖信仰在世界媽祖文化中的重要性與獨特性。

The Mazu Temple in Tianjin is the broadcasting center of Mazu cult in north China. Through the developments over 600 years, Mazu cult in Tianjin not only retains the tradition of Mazu cult, but also creates unique indigenous Mazu cult culture. Mazu culture in Tianjin combines the historic and realistic cultures. Mazu is originally deemed as a sea goddess, then she becomes the city goddess of Tianjin, and some local deities such as Tsaugong, and Magong are also created because of her. On the other hand, the unique and rare folk activities 'Tying the doll', 'Washing the doll' which are connected to the Mazu Temple in Tianjin obviously present the importance and uniqueness of the Tianjin's Mazu Cult in the worldwide Mazu culture.