日本畢業生內定機制之演進與發展

Research on the unofficial offer of Japanese Graduates' Employment

由於日本經濟團體連合會（經團聯）宣布，將從2021年起廢除「就職協定」，並從2022年春季開始從統一「集體錄用」改為「全年招募」。因此，本研究針對日本大學應屆畢業生，定義日本應屆畢業生就業制度的特徵，再介紹就職活動的沿革與發展。日本從大三開始，參加自我分析測驗、履歷表自傳撰寫、各種說明會、筆試與面試活動等內容，獲得企業內內定後，在10月確認內定的大學生，於隔年4月就會成為社會新鮮人。由於高齡化與少子化的衝擊，企業如何確保穩定人力，青年勞動力如何確保適才適所的就業等問題，乃隨著招募規範而有所改變，因此，本研究將針對上述等問題進行研究。

The Japan Economic Organization Association (EMU) announced that the job search rules will be abolished from 2021 and will be adopted throughout the spring of 2022. Therefore, this study aims at the fresh graduates of Japanese universities, first defines the characteristics of the fresh graduate system in Japan, and then introduces the evolution and development of the historical background of employment activities. Japan will participate in self-analysis tests; resume autobiographical writing, various briefing sessions, written examinations and interviews. After obtaining the company's unofficial offer, the university student who confirmed the unofficial offer in October will become a new employee in the society in April of the following year. Due to the impact of aging and declining birthrates, how to ensure a stable manpower and how to ensure the employment of suitable labor for young laborers are changing with the recruitment regulations. Therefore, this study will focus on the above issues.