批判思考與全人評估

Critical Thinking and Holistic Assessment

評估是護理過程的第一步，也是護理人員提供臨床照顧最重要且基本的技能。評估不只是收集資料，更重要的是分析資料，才能確立診斷。護理照顧活動是以病人為中心，在解決健康照顧議題時，需以全人評估為架構，應用批判思考的技能，方能有效收集並分析資料，瞭解照顧需求掌握問題的焦點。本文擬依評估的定義，依資料收集和分析兩步驟，說明結合全人概念和應用批判思考的方式，藉由熟練批判思考技能才能強化臨床決策的準確性，提升解決照顧問題之效能。

Assessment is the most important and essential skills facilitating clinical care providing by nurses, and also the first step of the nursing process. Assessment is not just a collection of information, but more importantly is the step of data analysis, so that the nursing diagnosis can be established. Nursing care activities are patient-centered. Solving patient’s health care issues should base on a holistic assessment framework, and apply the skills of critical thinking to collect data and analyze data effectively in order to understand patient care needs and master their problem. This article intends to elaborate utilization of the holistic concept and skills of critical thinking in the process of data collect and analyze by its definition. Proficient in critical thinking skills may strengthen the accuracy of clinical decision making, and effectiveness of solving problems related to clinical care may be promoted.