台灣捐血者全面實施Mia抗原檢驗

Routine Screening of Mia Antigen in all Blood Donors in Taiwan

Miltenberger血型抗原是東南亞常見的MNS血型的亞型之一，約佔2.7％，Miltenberger血型的異體抗體是台灣血庫作業中最常見的紅血球異體抗體，此類病人須要輸用Miltenberger抗原陰性的紅血球避免產生輸血反應及避免刺激異體抗體再次產生。目前尚無適合用於大量篩檢捐血者的市售抗血清試劑。我們利用融合瘤技術，自人類B淋巴球培養出能分泌效價穩定anti-Mia單株抗體的融合瘤細胞株，此單株抗體可鑑定Miltenberger血型中重要的Mia抗原，同時應用於血型分析儀（PK7300）進行台灣捐血者全面檢驗Mia抗原，並將Mia抗原結果標示於紅血球血品標籤。如此，醫院血庫作業中可直接挑選Mia抗原陰性的紅血球血品進行輸血前交叉作業，降低病人產生溶血性輸血反應、增進輸血安全。

Miltenberger, a family of blood groups, is the result of gene recombination leading to encoding a hybrid molecule of glycophorin A and B. The occurrence of Miltenberger blood group is relatively high (2-7%) at Southeast Asia region. In Taiwan, antibodies to Miltenberger blood group have been found to be the most frequent red cell alloantibody with clinical significance. Evidence showed that transfusion of GP. Mur-negative RBC to patients with previously detectable anti-“Mia ” could decrease the incidence of hemolytic transfusion reaction and antibody boosting. Since the complexity of Miltenberger blood group antigens and the lack of commercial antiserum suitable for applying on Automated Microplate Analyzer, it is difficult in large-scale screening of these antigens in blood donors. By using hybridoma technology, we have established an anti-Mia -producing cell line from human B lymphocytes. This monoclonal antibody specifically recognized Mia antigen on red blood cell surface, and shows stable agglutination reactions that can easily be detected by PK7300 Automated Microplate System. Currently, we have detected all blood donors for Mia antigen and labeled the test results on red blood cell components. This facilitates the selection of Mia -antigen-negative RBC in blood bank routines, and thus lower the hemolytic transfusion reactions and improve the safety of blood transfusion.