致命自主武器發展之國際法管制

International Legal Regulation on the Development of Lethal Autonomous Weapons

隨著人工智能的迅速發展及於各領域的廣泛應用，各國亦開始將人工智能的相關技術使用於武裝衝突的場合。其中，致命自主武器之發展可能帶來的衝擊與效應，已逐漸成為國際間所關注的議題。如何在增進人工智能應用於致命自主武器之正面效益的同時，確保致命自主武器的發展遵守國際人道法基本原則，為本文所將探討的課題。本文擬就美國、聯合國與《特定常規武器公約》對於致命自主武器發展的觀點加以分析，並進一步建議以增訂《特定常規武器公約》第六議定書的方式，對於未來致命自主武器的發展進行律管制。

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its application in various aspects, many countries start to use AI technologies in situations of armed conflict. Among others, the potential impacts and implications of the development of lethal autonomous weapons have become an important issue at the international level. The extent to which the benefits from the application of AI in lethal autonomous weapons can be promoted, while the principles international humanitarian law can be ensured simultaneously through an international legal instrument is therefore worthy of discussion. This article analyzes the viewpoints from the United States, the United Nations and the conferences convened under the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) on the development of lethal autonomous weapons in situations of armed conflicts. It further proposes the amendment of the sixth additional protocol under the CCW framework to regulate the development of lethal autonomous weapons.