施肥時期與施肥量對鳳梨產量之關係

Relation of Time and Amount of Fertilizer Application to the Yield of Pineapple Fruits

本試驗於民國51年秋起，分在斗六、新化、鳳山、斑鳩、馬蘭等五處設區栽植以行試驗。其目的在於明瞭施肥量之多寡，對鳳梨營養生長及生殖生長二種不同發育期所生之功效，以為改進施肥法之依據，茲將所得結果，再行擇要簡述如下：（一）營養生長期之施肥量增加時，雖可促進植株之發育，但有降低電石處理效果之趨勢，惟影響程度不大。（二）第一週年之施肥量，每株自30.15g增至67g時，每g肥料可增大果重1.84g（電石處理），及0.5lg（自然結實）。（三）第二週年之施肥量，每株自26.8g增至60.3g時，每g肥料增大果重為2.39g（電石處理）及2.71g（自然結實）但自60.3g再增至93.8g時，其果重則僅增加0.84g（電石處理），及1.91g（自然結實）。（四）綜合所得結果，以經濟觀點言，第一週年之施肥量，在自然結實時，以每株混合肥料30～40g為已足，但電石處理時，因生育期間減短，故在營養生長期間，應多施肥料，以促進植株之發育，其施肥量應增至40g甚至更高，方始有所望之收穫，至於第二週年之施肥量，在電石處理時，大致每株60g已足，自然結實時，應較電石處理更為增高。（五）砂土或砂礫土等保肥力差而且瘠之土壤，在營養生長期間，應較砂質壤土有施肥量增多之必要。（六）第二週年之施肥量增加時，可促進吸芽之發生及長成，對第二回產量之增加具有極大之效果。

1. The plant growth may be improved by increasing fertilizer application at the vegetative growth stage. however, the effect of calcium carbide treatment, on the contrary, was lowered without significant. 2. As the amount of the mixed fertilizer applied at the first year increased from 30.l5g to 67g per plant, 19 of fertilizer increased the fruit weight l.84g (spring fruit) and O.5lg (summer fruit). 3. As the amount of the mixed fertilizer applied at the secand year increased from 26.8g to 60.3g per plant, 19 of fertilizer increased the fruit weight 2.39g (spring fruit) and 2.71g (summer fruit), however, from 60.3g to 93.8g, the fruit weight were increased.O.84g and l.9lg, respectively. 4. The commercial fertilizer application at the first year, it may be enough to apply about 30-40g of fertilizer per plant for summer fruit, whereas, it need 40g or more of fertilizer per plant for spring fruit, because of the shorter growing period of later plant, However, the fertilizer application at the secand year, 60g of mixed fertilizer per plant may be enough for spring fruit, and much more application was needed for summer fruit. 5. The yield of the ratoon crop can be raised by increasing fertilizer application at the reproductive growth stage to promote the initiation and development of suckers.