堆肥培養基上洋菇菌絲生長與產量之關係

Mycelial Growth of Cultivated Mushroom on Compost Agar in Relation to Yield Capacity

洋菇菌種的優劣，一般以栽培試驗的產量為依據。此種栽培試驗深環境和管理的影響，而且必需經過長時間的預備和栽培，病蟲害又難以完全杜絕，因此栽培產量之高低，並不能完整地表現菌種的優劣。筆者度以洋菇麥粒菌種為對象，利用上床時的堆肥200g與蒸溜水1000ml的比例經攪碎後，添加2%洋菜直接調製成堆肥培養基。發現洋菇菌絲在堆肥培養基生長的速率，與菌絲活力有關；若除雲栽培期間雜菌減產的因素，此種菌絲生長速率與堆肥經後發酵處理後栽培所獲洋菇產量成正比的關系。此種以堆肥直接配製成培養基有簡易方法，不僅可以用來判定堆肥優劣及成熟度，而且可應用於菌種活力的檢定及洋菇產量高低的預測。

The evaluation of mushroom spawn is usually dependent on the productivity of yield tests. The tests are required elaborate preparation and deeply affected by the environmental factors and the crop management. The preseat studies were made to find out the appropriate preparation of compost agar and to apply the compost agar in comparing the mycelial activity with the productivity of mushroom. The ideal compost agar was prepared with 200g of 16-days compost in 1000 ml distilled water. After crushed by waring blendor, the compost suspension with 2% agar was autoclaved and in use as a medium for mushroom mycelium. The mycelial growth on compost agar, inoculated with monosporous or multisporous grain spawn, was positively proportional to the yield capacity of mushroom. The results were much more definite when the productivity of mushroom was compared in regard to the occurrence of weed molds during cultivation. This simple method with compost agar may be applied for the evaluation of spawn activity and prediction of the yield capacity of mushroom.