肥料三要素對葡萄產量及品質之影響

A Study the Effect of N P K on the Yield and Quality of Grapes

葡萄於臺灣作經濟栽培已有數餘年之歷史，為本省重要園藝作物之一，有關肥料施用量之問題，請亟待研討，故採求三要素對葡萄產量及品質之效應及其連應之關係，以確定臺灣葡萄栽培施肥之合理標準，引為本試驗之主要目的，茲將試驗結果摘要如下：（一）增加氮肥有提高產量之顯著性，增加磷肥對酒石酸有降低之影響，鉀肥對產量與可溶性固形物有提高之趨勢，但其對酒石酸之增加最為明顯。（二）氮磷肥與氮鉀肥對產量之連應效果較明顯氮肥增多或三要素同時加多時，對可溶性固形物之連應關係稍有影響，而增加氮肥或磷肥減少鉀肥，其酒石酸可相對降低。（三）根據本試驗證明，欲提高產量，施肥最宜採用2-2-1之處理，欲提高產量並同時增進品質施肥最則宜採用2-1-1-之處理。（四）依據傘狀尼芬氏整枝及本試驗施肥處理，較諸臺灣現有栽培管理方式，其每公頃產量可達3.3倍強。

1. In this study, aitrogne fertilizer increased the yields significantly in grapes, phosphorus fertilizer tended to reduce the tartaric acid content and potash fertilizer slightly increased the tartaric content in the fruit. 2 It is obvious that either N and P or N and K has an interaction effect on the yield of grape plants. To increase the nitrogen or a combination of the three essential elements, N. P. K., slightly effects the soluble substances in the fruit. The increased nitrogen or phosphorus but decreased potash fertilizer dauiztis1ted the tartaric acid content relatively, 3. The result from this experiment, the 2-2-1 treatments wee suitablely for application in order to increase the desired yields on the other hand, the 2-1-1 treatment, increased both the yield and quality of grape fruits. A. Praming grapes by the umbrella Kaiffin in system gad use of fertilizer treatments mentioned above will increase the yields up to 3.3 times in comparison with the regular cultivation and management of grapes in Taiwan.