香蕉園雜草生長與間作物關係之初步研究

A Preliminary Studies on the Growth of Weeds in Relation to Intermediate Crops in Banana Orchard

本試驗之目的在採明一年生作物冬瓜、鵲豆、番椒、豆薯、南瓜及黑豆等與多年生作物鳳梨、咖啡、香芋、牧草、金針菜及茶等在作為焦園間作物特對雜草生長之影響，以供焦園栽培間作物之參考。2.試驗系自民國48年7月起在南投縣草屯鎮坪預裏洪姓蕉園舉行，據51年7月19日首次調查全國各試區雜草結果歸納之可行如下數點結論。（1）在所有參試之各種間作物中，以鳳梨、金針菜及扁豆之種植區雜草之生長較為一致也較少，尤其種植鳳梨之試區雜草極為稀少，但由於其他各種作物植區之雜草在三個重複中多寡懸殊極大，因之極差頗大故以上三種作物區內之雜草量間及其與其他作物區之雜草量間之差異，在統計上並不顯著。（2）在重複間草量高低不一之場合，咖啡與茶種植區之雜草量與作物之生長間存有固定之關係，凡作物發育較佳者，雜草即較低，反之則較高。其他作物則無此現象，例如香芋、牧草、南瓜、豆薯等在發育較良好之重複雜草量亦較多，再如番椒與黑豆在雜草量最高之植區，其作物之發育並非重複中之最差者。若將前後二種現象加以比較，自以咖啡與茶為可取，蓋彼等在可以正常發育時，雜草有受抑制之趨勢，而後者種植作物則無些種可能。（3）同一作物在有蕉株為遮蔭者，其區內之雜草較未植香蕉遮蔭普為少。此種結果果對多年生作物言尤為顯著。（4）試驗區內之雜草計有八科二十種，其中以菊科蒮香薊與禾本科之馬唐，雙穗雀稗為最多，佔雜草量30%以上。而此三種主要雜草除馬唐及變穗雀稗在鳳梨區未見出現外，在其他所有參試作物植區均見存在。現參試之各種作物並無對某種雜草具有特殊控制能力。然則試驗蕉園之雜草也無法利用作物論作而加以澈底控制。（5）由於地力之差異及時間尚短，本試驗之結果尚難確定，但綜上所論，參試之諸作物對蕉園雜草生長之影響似有不同，就中以鳳梨具有抑制雜草生長之趨勢最大，次為金針菜、鵑豆、咖啡與茶。

A preliminary investigation for the purpose of studying the effect of several annual crops, i.e. preserving melon, hyacinth is pepper, yam-beam, cushnw, soybean and several perennial crops, i.e. pineapple, coffee, citronella grass, centrosema, day lily and tea on weed control so as to offer a reference for selecting a proper intermediate crop is banana orchards has been carried our. The obtained result may be summerized as follows: 1. It was rowed that crops varied in their ability to suppress the weeds. Based upon the fresh Weed weights of various corps, pineapple was the most successful competitor, followed, in order, by day lily hyacinth bean, coffee cud tea. The crops other then these were unable to compete. 2. Of twenty weed species occuring in the field. Ageratum conyzoides L, Panicum sanguinale L. and Paspalum distichum L. occupied more than 80 per cent in fresh weed Weight. In addition, those great majority of the weeds that also were the promising species in various crop plots. With the exception of missing the Panicum sanguimale L. and Paspalum distichum L. in pineapple plot. This casual obviously revealed that it was difficult to combat weeds more successfully by using the rotation of those crops. 3, By and large, the amount of weeds was somewhat disminished in the banana shaded plots in comparing with that in unshaded plots.