SNA萘乙酸鈉對增加鳳梨春果果重之效果

SNA Spays to Improve Weight and Size of Spring Fruit of Pineapples in Taitung

1.SNA噴施後可使鳳梨果實重量增加10~45%。以平均數言，100ppm區果重較對照區加17%，200ppm及400ppm各增15%，23%及19%；果徑平均200ppm及400ppm均增加5%，300ppm增6%，故以濃度言，300ppm每株約50c.c之效果為佳。處理時大致以在春果成熟前50~60天為宜。2.果目數愈多之生果，即果實愈大者其增重效果愈好，據55年之測定（表三），原為一等品之果實可增重32%，三等品則僅增加13%。3.經SNA處理之生果，其成熟期均較未處理者延遲。其延遲日數最久約為時兩週。但成熟期之變化似視處理效果之大小而定，即增重效果較大者，其延遲效果亦較大。此種相關，是由於成熟期之愈延長，使果實亦有較長時間充分發育所致。4.處理生果之酸度顯著減低，糖份亦有下降傾向。但SNA其增加植被株根部之吸水能力，由於水分較充足，不但對果實之發育有利，亦直接影響鳳梨肉聲果百分率之顯著提高。又開罐檢驗結果，汁液糖酸比率，果肉組織及顏色等可說與對照區相同，且海綿組織有較少趨勢，故一般而言，處理生果對製罐品質尚無不良影響。5.處理後之生果果心亦隨果實增大而依照比例增加，但二等品以下無特別增大傾向。然噴施藥液時應注意均勻分佈全果表面，因局部噴施者，其噴藥面之果目發育與未噴面之發育不對稱而形成畸形果，使果心亦成不規則型，此可增加製罐時去心工作之困難，應宜注意。6.經噴藥之處理區，其吸芽之發生較無處理區稍慢，到收穫當年之七月，吸芽高度仍以對照區為高，但此對二收（宿根）出穗率並無影響。7.本試驗是在臺東地區環境下舉辦，經處理之生果三年期均未發現有何種不良反應，為慎重計，宜行在自營農場試辦較大面積施藥及裝罐試驗，而後依其結果決定是否應行推廣。

The experiments on the determination of the effect of SNA spray on improving weight and size of the spring fruits of pineapples, which had been forced to flower by calcium carbide about one year after planting, were carried out in Chih pen. Li Chia, Pin Lang, Pan Chiu and Chu Lu under Taitung condition for three crop years. The concentrations of the SNAt sprays were 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm while the amout used were abou 50cc per fruit. The dates of the spray treatments were the three ecades of February when the pineapple fruits were about half developed. In other words the spray treatments were held about 2 months before the frouit ripening. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The SNA spray could raise pineapple fruit weight by 10-45%. On the average, the mean fruit weight increment of 100ppm, 200ppm, 300ppm and 400ppm plots were 12%, 15%, 28% and 18%, respectively. and tile average fruit diameter increased b about 5%. The concentration of 300ppm may be recommended for the best results, The proper date of treatment of SNA spray was 50 to 60 days before the ripening of spring fruit. 2. The higher the numbers of fruit eye, or the bigger the fruit size originally, the greater was the effect of increasing fruit weight and size. It is shown in table S that the size 1 fruits increased fruit weight by 22%, white the weight of site S fruits was only raised 18% as compared with their check. 3. The treated fruits had a delay effect on fruit maturity. The maximum delays were shown to be about two weeks. But the delay effect fluctuated according to the difference in the effect of SNA spray on the fruit size. In other words, the better the effect on fruit weight, the greater was the effect on delaying of maturity of the fruits. It is supposed that the maturity delaying effect gave the fruit more time to develop, thus resulting in a bigger fruits. 4. The acidity of the treated fruit was decreased, and its total sugar content was also lower than that of the untreated fruits, When the fruit was harvested, the phenomenon of guttation on the broken peduncle of SNA sprayed plant was observed. It shows that SNA may have had an effect on strengthening the ability of water absorption of the plant. This caused the treated fruit to have a higher water content and a high percentage of fresh sound fruits, which are known by the pineapple grower here to have good quality. According to the inspection data of the canned fruits, their quality seemed t9 he not much different among the treated and untreated plots. 5. The diameter of the core of the treated fruit was larger than that of the untreated one. Since the development of the fruit eyes was different between the treated and untreated part, a partial spray of SNA could cause the deformity of the fruit. This is why on even diatribution of SNA spray on the surface of the fruit is very important. 6. The appearance of the sucker of the treated plant was a little slower than that of the untreated one. But they had the same fruiting percentage. This indicated that SNA spray may have no detrimental effect on the yield of the 1st ratoon.