染色體之觀察方法及其數目之研究

Method of Chromosome Observation and Analysis of Chromosome Number

關於蘭科植物染色體之觀察法，雖有學者進行研究，但均未將其觀察方法作說明。又在本省關於蘭科植物之細胞遺傳學的研究，至今尚未有人進行研究。筆者為育成優良品種探求優良親本，曾將此問題進行實驗獲得有趣結果。茲摘要所得結果如下：1.本實驗觀察法有二。（1）醋酸酒精混合液法，（2）低溫固定法，但以後者較宜。2.供試品種132種，其中多數為倍數體而以三倍體最多，四倍體次之，其他亦有五倍體，二倍體及單元體。3.二倍體Ph. Mannii x Ph. 壽山及Ph. Mannii x Ph. Amabilis經交配後產生單元體後代，其原因仍需繼續研究。4.蘭科植物之染色體變異極大，為一種染色體複雜的植物。

Observation of orchids chromosomes had been reported previously, but no detail methods given. In addition, no cytogenetical studies of orchids reported in Taiwan. In search for better parental strands to improve orchid varieties, the following results were obtained: 1. Between two methods of fixation, (1). Aceti calcohol Farmer's fluid and(2). Low-temperature fixation, the second method was better. 2. Among 132 varieties studied, most of them belonged to trip!oid, and tetraploid followed as a second large group. Pentaploid, diploid, and haploid also found. 3. Haploid plants appeared from the cross of diploid Ph. ManniixPh. Sousan and Ph. Mannii x Ph. Amabilis. This cause needs further investigation. 4. Orchid is a complex plant in its chromosome make up, with great variation.