菜豆數量性狀的遺傳率及其相關關係之研究

Studies on Heritability and Correlation of Quantitative Charaeters in Snap Bean

為暸解菜豆之遺傳及育種行為，以16個菜豆品種研究11個數量性狀的變異性、遺傳率及其相關關係，並進一步以主成分分析法研究各性狀彼此間的綜合關係；結果發現：株重、株高、分枝數、莢數、莢重、種子百粒重及種仁總重在品種間差異顯著；株高、單株之莢數、種子百粒重及單莢之種子數、莢長、夾寬的遺傳率皆甚高；種子總重（產量）與單株之株重、莢數、莢重及單莢種子數彼此間皆呈極顯著的正相關，莢長與種子數亦呈極顯著的正相關，而單莢種子數與株重、主莖節數及莢重則呈顯著的正相關；進一步探討各數量性狀間之綜合關係，單株之莢重及莢數，單莢種子數、種子百粒重與種仁總重彼此間關係密切，並且與種仁產量均呈正方向的貢獻關係，但其他數量性狀與種仁產量間之關係則較不密切。

Sixteen bush snap bean varieties were used to study the genetic variability, heritability and correlation of eleven quantitative characters. Varieties differed significantly for their plant weight, plant height, number of branch, number of pod, pod weight of 100 seed and yield. High heritatbility were obtained for plant height, number of pod, weight of 100 seed. number of seed per pod, pod length and pod width. Yield was very high positively correlated with plant weight, number of pod, pod weight and number of seed per pod, pod length and very high positively correlation with number of seed. per pod also. However, number of seed per pod had positive correlatian with plant weight, number of nodes on main stem and pod weight. Further study on principal components and varimax analysis showed that pod weight, number of pod, number of seed per pod and weight of 100 seed contributed positively to yield.