蘆筍苗之穴植生產與菌根利用

Plug Production of Asparagus Seedlings and the Use of Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhizae

穴植生產3個月大臺南選3號蘆筍苗，以根基旺或蛭石為生長介質，比用沙、泥炭苔或蛭石：泥炭苔（1:1 v/v）為佳，且以囊叢枝菌根菌Glomns spp.接種時亦然。但菌根蘆筍生長量之增加則以蛭石＋泥炭苔（1：1）為介質者受促進最大。在蛭石與泥炭苔之混合介質中添加洋菇稻草堆肥，對蘆筍苗之生長促進效果比稻殼堆肥為大。且臺肥1號液肥稀釋1,000倍之施肥效果，與前所推薦施用之NPK=160:50:120 mg/l（尿素：過磷酸鈣：氯化鉀）效果相當。以Glomns etunicatnm Becker & Gerd.為生物肥料，在播種時混在種子下作接種，經3個月後，可促進蘆筍笛株高及莖數之增加，推論蘆筍菌根之形成對將來蘆筍之生長與生產必屬有利。故推薦穴植菌根蘆筍苗之生產條件如下：即使用（1）稻草堆肥：蛭石：泥炭苔（1:1:1 v/v/v）為生長介質；（2）播種時在種子下灑入含有Glomus spp.之菌種進行接種；（3）發芽後每週施用1次臺肥1號液肥，稀釋1,000倍，即3個月後即有一批可移入田間之穴植蘆筍苗供應農戶定植所需，且此類蘆筍苗將有可能用機械移植，值得重視。

The growth of 3-month-old Tainan Selection #3 (TS-3) asparagus seedling (2 x 2 in.) was better in both Gen-chi-wan or vermiculite than those in sand, peatmoss or vermiculite: peatmoss (1:1 v/v) as growth media. Those asparagus seedlings inoculated with Glomus spp. showed the same growth response in the 5 media. But the growth increase in TS-3 mycorrhizal asparagus seedlings was highest in peatmoss: vermiculite (1:1 v/v) mixture. The addition of mushroom straw compost or rice hull compost into growth medium could result in the significant increase of TS-3 asparagus seedlings in plugs. The effect of Tai-Fei liquid fertilizer on the growth of asparagus seedlings was as good as previously recommended NPK=160: 50: 120mg/l (Urea: calcium superphosphate: potassium chloride) fertilizer when applied once per week. During seeding process, Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerd. was inoculated underneath the asparagus seeds as bio-fertilizer. After 3 months, the significant increase of height and stem number of asparagus seedlings suggesting asparagus mycorrhizal would be beneficial to the growth and production of asparagus in later stages. Therefore, the production conditions for plug mycorrhizal asparagus seedlings were recommended as follows: (1) Straw compost: vermiculite: peatmoss (1: 1: 1: 1 v/v/v) as growth medium; (2) Inoculate Glomus spp. during seeding process; (3) Applied Tai-Fei liquid fertilizer, diluted 1000X once per week after seed germination. Then 3 months later, asparagus seedlings ready for transplanting into field soil are available. It is important that the plug asparagus seedlings could be transplanted mechanically.