利用芽體無菌培養採討葡萄潛伏芽的休眠深度

In Vitro Culture Study on the Dormancy of Grape Latent Bud

本試驗以葡萄芽無菌培養方法探討去除鱗片，低溫處理，採樣部位及採樣時期對於Vitis labruscana Baily cv. Concord, Vitis solonis × Vitis riparia No. 1616, Vitis andersonii Rochester三個葡萄品種潛伏芽萌芽之影響。去除鱗片較未去除鱗片者萌芽早且萌芽率高。不論田間或試管內之觀察，低溫累積量愈高者，其萌芽率愈高且萌芽所需時問愈短。以採樣時間而言，Concord品種潛伏芽在試管中之成活率以6月份及9月份採取者為高；1616，和Vitis andersonii Rochester均以9月份提取者較高。芽褐化率以4月份提取者稍高。以取樣部位言，三個品種均以接近莖頂部位之潛伏芽萌芽較早，成活率較高，且其褐化率較小。

The effects of scale, low temperature, position, time of sampling on latent buds of 3 grape cultivars (Vitis labruscana Baily cv. 'Concord'; V. solonis × V. riparia No. 1616; V. andersonii Rochester) are studied by tissue culture technique. In general, the dormancy of latent bud is greatest near the apex and diminishes basipetally. Germination is earlier and the rate is higherin descaled buds than those of control, neither in field nor in vitro, the observation indicate that (the more the low temperature accumulation, the higher the germination rate is), and the time of germination is also shorter. The survival rate of latent buds of V. labruscana Baily cv. 'Concord' is higher at June and September, however, V. solonis × V. riparia No. 1616 and V. andersonii. Rochester are both at September and browning rate of lateral buds at April. Time of germination in 3 cultivars are all earlier at 9th-12th lateral buds and the survival rate are higher, however, the rate of browning are not significant.