洋蔥穴盤育苗之探討

Studies on Plug System of Onion

洋蔥以穴盤育苗，406格55天苗齡、288格55天苗齡及288格45苗齡四種處理，其生育表現皆優於傳統田間苗。其中穴格大小對產量無顯著影響，但苗齡則以55天者優於45天。以406格55天苗齡之育苗組合，其單一穴盤上有最高之育苗株數，且在採收時，無論其產量、球徑大不及小球比率均相同於288格穴盤苗之表現，是四個處理組合中，最具經濟效益的處理。一般洋蔥傳統田間苗的售價為每株0.1元，406格之穴盤苗則為每株0.3元；以一般洋蔥每十公畝地成本約36,000元，植三萬株的栽植密度估算；406格55天苗齡之穴盤苗每十公畝地增加6,000元的支出，增加650公斤的產量。如此，對照組傳統洋蔥的生產成本約為每公觔7.0元，而406格穴盤苗洋蔥的生產成本約為每公斤7.3元。

The result of this experiment revealed that all four combinations of onion plug seedlings (406 cells with 55 day old seedlings, 406-cell 45-day, 288-cell 55-day and 288-cell 45-day) performed better than traditional field-raised seedlings, i.e., the controls. Plug sizes showed do significant influences on yield. However, in consideration of seedling age, the 55-day old seedlings gave significantly larger yield than those of 45-days. It is found that the 406-cell 55-day seedlings not only had the largest number of successful seedlings, but also similar yield, bulb diameter and small bulb percentage to those from 288-cell, and hence suggested to be the most beneficial and economic treatment among all four. However, the regular price for each control seedling is NT$0.1, while 406-plug seedlings are sold at NT$0.3 per plant. About 30 thousands seedlings, which cost NT$36,000, are required to grow in one tenth of a hectare, An extra NT$6,000 expense is necessary due to the plug materials used. The yield increment of the plug system was 650kg as compared to traditionally bed-raised seedlings. It is calculated that the capital for traditional onion bulbs is NT$7.0/kg, while that of 406-cell 55-day is NT$7.3/kg.