Abaca Seedling及Ambon香蕉的胚培養

Embryo Culture of Abaca Seedling and Ambon Banana

取Abaca Seedling及Ambon香蕉成熟種子之胚，接種於MS鹽類培養基中，隨培養基中所含植物生長素之不同，胚可形成植株、簇生之不定芽、或癒合組織。Abaca Seedling 之胚接種於含IAA 1ppm、GA3 1ppm或NAA 1ppm之MS鹽類培養基中，可正常發育為植殊。接種於含Kinetin 1ppm、10ppm、20ppm之培養基中，可形成簇生之不定芽，不定芽經分切，可再生不定芽。接種於含BA 1ppm、10ppm, Kinetin 10ppm 之培養基中，可形成癒合組織。Ambon之胚接種於含IAA 1ppm、CA3 1ppm、NAA 1ppm及不含植物生長素之MS培養基中，均可正常發育為植殊。接種於含BA 1ppm、Kinetin 10ppm 之培養基中，可形成簇生不定芽，並有簇生之白色（albino）不定芽發生，綠色及白色不定芽經分切，皆可再生不定芽。綠色之簇生不定芽，置只含MS鹽類培養基中，即可發生不定根，發育為獨立植株。白色之簇生不定芽，置只含MS鹽類培養基中，亦可發生不定根，但植株瘦弱，移出試管不易成活。由本試驗之結果顯示，利用胚培養，可克服香蕉種子直播發芽率低之困難；分切胚所形成之簇生不定芽，可在短時間內獲得大量健康的植株；培養胚並可誘得癒合組織。

The embryo from ripen seeds of Abaca Seedling and Ambon banana might form plantlet, multiple buds, or callus when cultured in MS medium containing different plant growth regulators. Abaca Seedling banana embryo might form plantlet when cultured in MS medium containing IAA 1ppm or GA3 1ppm or NAA 1ppm. While cultured in MS medium containing kinetin (1, 10, 20ppm) the embryo formed multiple buds. When cultured in MS medium containing BA (1, 1oppm) or kinetin 10ppm the embryo formed callus. Ambon banana embryo might form plantlet when cultured in MS medium or MS medium containing IAA 1ppm or GA3 1ppm or NAA 1ppm. While cultured in MS medium containing BA 1ppm or kinetin l0ppm the embryo formed multiple buds and some albino multiple buds were observed. Buds proliforation was obtained by dissecting and reculturing the multiple buds. There were roots formed when the multiple buds cultured in medium containing MS salts only and green multiple buds developed into robust plantlets but albino multiple buds developed into weak plantlets. Establishment of plantlets in greenhouse is easy for green multiple buds, but is difficult for albino multiple buds. It is suggested that the embryo culture of banana could be applied in overcoming the problem of seed germination and in clone propagation.