台灣野梨之復育（二）一分子標誌鑑定

The Recovery of Taiwan Native Pear (Pyrus koehne/Schnelder)(Ⅱ)-- Identification by Molecular Markers

本試驗以同功異構酶及聚合酶連鎖反應來鑑定台灣野梨擬似種的歸屬。擬似種之不同株系間的酸性磷酸酶、酯酶與超氧化岐化酶的同功異構酶形式較類似，但是過氧化酶則有差異。在華南豆梨品系間之比較，擬似種與Pyrus koehnei（815、819）之酯酶、及P. Koehnei（808）之超氧化岐化酶的條帶較相似；酸性磷酸酶在不同種間的差異較大；過氧化酶在種及品種間的差異均很大。擬似種與經濟品種（橫山梨、棠梨、鳥梨、新世紀、法蘭西）之四種測試的同功異構酶條帶，均有明顯的差異。分析聚合酶連鎖反應的產物，顯示擬似種與P. Koehnei（815）出現的條帶較一致。綜合外觀形態的觀察及同功異構酶與聚合酶連鎖反應分析的結果，推測在惠蓀林場及草屯所發現的擬似臺灣野梨與同屬於華南豆梨品系之P. Koehnei的類緣關係最為接近。

The patterns of acid phosphatase (ACP), esterase (EST), peroxidase (PRX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes and products of polymerase chain reaction were employed to identify the suspected clones of Taiwan native pear that were found at Tsao-Twen area and Hui-Shih Forest Experimental Station of National Chung Hsing University in Taiwan. There was no difference in the patterns of ACP, EST and SOD isozymes among eight suspected clones. The difference in the patterns of PRX isozymes was detected within the suspected clones. There was high homology in the patterns of EST and SOD isozymes between several lines of Pyrus. koehnei and suspected clones. Little similarity existed between the suspected clones and several economic cultivars of Pyurs spp. (Sinseiki, La France, Heng-San, Tan-Li, Niau-Li) on the patterns of four isozymes tested. When the DNA of the suspected clones and P. koehnei (815) were used as template, similar products of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were resulted. The results indicated that the supected clones of Taiwan native pear are P. koehnei Schneider.