鈣、鉀、矽肥料處理對甜椒生育之影響

Effect of Calcium, Potassium and Silicon Fertilizers on Growth of Sweet Pepper

施用鈣、矽肥可提高土壤pH值，增加土壤中有效性鈣含量及植株、果實中鈣、磷之含量。鉀肥處理會增加植株中鉀含量，降低土壤pH值及植株中鈣、磷含量。鈣、矽肥及鉀肥0.3kg/4.5m²處理組，可增加植株中鈣含量，增加甜椒植株對低溫之抗性；甜椒之株高、分枝數、鮮重與小區產量均較對照組為高；但在高溫期肥料處理對甜椒株高影響不顯著。甜椒果實發育呈S型生長曲線，約在開花後25天有發育趨緩之現象，但鉀肥0.3kg/4.5m²處理之甜椒果實其生長較其他處理組為快，且當開花後25天果實仍繼續發育。鈣肥處理能提高甜椒小區產量，而適量之矽、鉀肥亦有相同之效果。

The objectives of these experiments were to investigate the effects of calcium, potassium and silicon pretreatments on growth of sweet pepper. Treatments of calcium and silicon fertilizers increased soil pH, available calcium as well as calcium and phosphate concentrations of plants and fruits. Potassium fertilizers application increased available soil potassium, while reducing soil pH and the calcium, phosphate concentrations of plants and fruits. Treatments of calcium, silicon and 0.3kg/plot potassium fertilizers increased the calcium concentrations of plant tissues and fruits, as well as the cold resistance of sweet pepper; these treatments affected plant height, number of branches, fresh weight of plant and plot yield of sweet pepper significantly, but had no effect on plant height in summer crop. The growth rate of fruits decreased 25 days after bloom with the exception of 0.3kg/plot potassium treatment.