柑橘種原無病毒化保存及利用現況

The Situation of Virus-free Citrus Germplasm Preservation and Utilization

柑橘是台灣主要常綠果樹之一，因長期無性繁殖及病毒危害，致經濟樹齡縮短、產量及品質亦受到嚴重影響。有鑑於此，特於農業試驗所嘉義分所成立柑橘無病毒化原原種、原種園及無病毒柑橘採穗園，並以頂梢嫁接法（shoot-tip micro grafting）逐步將柑橘種原無病毒化。目前嘉義分所保存之原原種、原種柑橘計有柳橙等89品種10品系651株，均以白色樹脂盆栽種於隔離網室內，施予嚴密的培育管理及病毒追蹤檢定；供應無病毒化柑橘接穗做採穗園或提供教學研究之用，累計巳提供樘柑等37品種12,237芽。

The citrus is an important sub-tropical fruits in Taiwan, because the farmers usually use vegetative propagation and virus infected citrus plants, so both the tree economic years and yield decreased. The fruit quality was the same, then the Virus-free citrus Foundation Block was established at Chia-Yi Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute in 1984. The materrials were cleaned up and reestablished the citrus germplasm using shoot-tip microgating. There are 89 varieties, IO lines, and 651 foundation stocks kept isolated in screen houses at CAES. Currently, 37 varieties and 12,237 virus-free buds of ponkan, etc., had been released to Citrus Scion Nursery at CAES or for research use.