柑橘砧木之特性與栽培上的利用

Characteristics of Citrus Rootstocks and Its Choice in Citriculture

柑橘栽培普遍採用根砧，主要根砧種類包括酸橙、粗皮檸檬、枳殼、枳橙、枳柚、棲檬、酸橘｀美女橘、甜萊姆及甜橙等。珠心胚的普遍存在，為柑橘根砧使用上的有利條件。砧木在病害的抵抗性、穗砧親和性、植株生長勢、果實品質與產量、環境適應性等均有差異。砧木的選擇是以栽培的考量為主，常因產區或個別果園而不同。砧木特性的利用，為提高柑橘生產力與品質之重要途徑。

Most citrus trees were propagated by grafting, and important citrus rootstocks included rough lemon, tnfoliate, citrange, citrumelo, rangpur lime, cleopatra, macrophylla, sunki, sour orange, sweet lime, sweet orange, etc. The common phenomenon of nucellar embryony of citrus plant is of a great advantage to the use of rootstock in citriculture. Rootstock influences growth vigor, fruit quality, yield, environment adaptab巾ty, and susceptib山ty of soil-born, virus and virus-like diseases of the trees significantly. Also, compatib山ty varies among scion-rootstock combinations. Choices of rootstock usually base on the consideration of cultural management, which is different from orchard to orchard. The choice of rootstock has become an important route for the increasing fruit quality and productivity in citriculture .