香蕉不定芽之組織培養育成幼株之研究

Growing Banana Plantlets from Adventitious Buds

香蕉（Musa Cavendishii Lamb）不定芽在半固態完全培養基（Smith-Murashige 1970. 0.8% agar）上誘發後，僅肥大呈芽球形，而不萌發生長。經試驗促其萌發成苗之條件得知移植培養時，降低洋菜之濃度至0.5%或完全除去，均可促進其萌芽，發育為正常之小植株。液體培養基之成分，在僅含無機鹽及蔗糖，與含有植物生長調節物質之完全培養基同樣可育成供栽植之小植株。在液體培養基中行旋轉（1O rpm）較靜置者可促進不定芽之萌發及生長，可能係有利水分及養分之吸收所致。幼苗自培養基移於水苔鉢植，在溫室噴霧插床下，幾可全部成活。在原培養基上休眠以十個月之芽仍能萌發生長。誘發不定芽時，培植體開始即在液體培養基內進行，可使不定芽即行萌發，而不經休眠。但多數不定芽叢集，有礙生長，仍須經分切及移植培養手續。在液體培養基旋轉下較在半固態培養基形成之芽數為多。將吸芽莖項分切為較多之培植體有增加不定芽形成數目之趨勢。

Adventitious buds banana (Musa cavendishii Lamb) induced on Smith-Murashige (1970) medium (0.8% agar) grew into corm-like structures and remaineddormant. Subculture of these buds on medium with decreased agar concentration (0.5%), or in liquid medium devoid of agar, was effective for inducing sprouting and giving plantlet formation. Buds cultured in a liquid complete medium under. rotation (10 rpm) gave the best growth of plantlets. Liquid medium containing only mineral salts and sucrose (3%) was as effective to produce plantlets transplantable as the complete medium with plant growth regulators additions. Dormant buds of 10 months old were still capable of sprouting and producing normal plantlets in liquid medium, but old buds were slow in response to culture. Culturing of the original shoot apex explants in liquid medium at the beginning has successed for both induction and sprouting of adventitious buds. The solid-liquid medium sequency is considered better so far as the number and growth of plantlets are considered. Dividing of the shoot apex into smaller explants gave more adventi-tious buds in total number.