三種不同碳氮比有機肥對茶樹生育之影響

Effect of Three Different C/N Ratio Organic Matter on Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze.) Growth.

以豆粕（低碳氮比），台肥一號有機肥（中碳氮比）及樹皮堆肥（高碳氮比）三種有機肥作為基肥，比較其對台茶12號茶樹生育的影響。在連續施用三年之後，成木茶樹芽葉性狀中有百芽重，節間長及第三葉厚與對照植株差異顯著。三種有機肥施用後，茶樹之產量與對照組間差異不顯著，但以增產率表示時，第一年之產量雖有增產但與對照組差異不顯著，第二及第三年則均優於對照組，整體之表現以每年施用15,000及30,000公斤／公頃之樹皮堆肥最佳，與對照組差異顯著，其次為台肥一號有機肥，豆粕幾乎無增產效果。製茶品質在第一年僅樹皮堆肥優於對照，第二年則均較對照組佳。在幼木茶樹上，除了施用10,000公斤／公頃之台肥一號有機肥處理外，其餘有機肥均有提高樹高、分枝數、全株鮮重及乾重，促進根與分根數之功效；植株之生物產量除施用10噸／公頃之台肥一號有機肥外，均明顯高於對照。顯示台肥一號有機肥之適宜施用量應在每公頃5噸左右，而樹皮堆肥則在每公頃15至30噸間，高碳氮比有機肥之適度施用具有改善茶樹生長、產量與茶葉品質，低碳氮比有機肥並不適合作為基肥用。

Soy bean cake (low CIN organic fertilizer), Taiwan Fertilizer No. I organic fertilizer (medium C/N organic fertilizer) and bark compost (high C/N organic fertilizer) were applied as basal dressing in 5 years old and one year old TIES No. 12 tea garden for 3 years. Most of the succulent shoot characteristic have no significance different among treatments, except Weight of 100 Buds, 1st. And 2nd. Internode length, and Leaf Thickness of 3rd. Leaf, which are better then those of control plot. The ratio of yield increasing of bark compost plots is the highest among treatments, following by No.1 Organic Fertilizer, and significant higher then control. Tea quality of bark compost treatments is better then control, especially in taste and flavor. General to say, 15000 Kg/ha bark compost dressing has the best quality and highest yield increasing ratio. In young tea bush, the growth of treated plant is better then control, except in heavy dressing of No.1 organic fertilizer. The suitable organic fertilizer and dosage of basal dressing in this experiment are 10 to 20 tone/ha for bark compost and 5 tone/ha Taiwan Fertilizer No.1 organic fertilizer.