椪柑、桶柑及柳橙在採收季節之成熟特性

Maturity Characteristics of 'Ponkan' Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco)，Tankan (C. tankan Hayata) and 'Liucheng' Orange (C. sinensis Osbeck) in Harvesting Seasons.

本研究在1992-1993，1993-1994及1994-1995連續三個年期自苗栗縣公館採收椪柑，苗栗縣公館及台北市陽明山採收桶柑，及南投縣中寮採收柳橙分析成熟特性。採收期間自一般果農大量採收之前開始，至嚴重落果或嚴重鳥害發生為止，每次間隔14天採果。果實分析項目包括果皮著色率、果汁率、糖度、酸度及糖酸比。各項目數值隨採收日期而變化之趨勢繪製成圖，以供判斷成熟度及適宜採收期間之參考。概略判斷苗栗椪柑可在11月中旬至1月中旬採收；苗栗桶柑可在1月上旬至3月下旬採收；台北陽明山之桶柑可在2月上旬至4月採收；南投中寮之柳橙可在12月中旬至3月下旬採收。

Ponkan' mandarin, Tankan, and 'Liucheng' orange were harvested from Miaoli, Miaoli and Yangmingshan of Taipei, and Nantou respectively in 3 consecutive harvesting seasons, 1992-1993, 1993-1994, and 1994-1995. Fruit samples were harvested at 14-day intervals in each harvesting season, beginning shortly before commercial harvests and ending at the time when severe abscission or severe birds invasion occured. Items of maturity characteristics evaluated were % rind coloration, % juice content, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio. Changes in values of these items with harvesting dates were plotted on figures for maturity evaluation. Acceptable harvesting periods are recommended as follows: mid-November to mid-January for Ponkan of Miaoli, early January to late March for Tankan of Miaoli, early February to April for Tankan of Yangmingshan, Taipei. and mid-December to late March for Liucheng of Nantou.