土壤壓實對五種草坪植物生育之影響

Effect of Soil Compaction on the Growth of Five Turfgrasses

以五種公園綠地常見的草種：百慕達草、假儉草、馬尼拉草、地毯草和兩耳草等，進行土壤壓實處理。結果顯示：土壤介質經壓實處理後，土壤硬度由7.5-11.1mm提高至17.3-20.6mm，總體密度由1.27-1.37g／ml增為1.55-1.65g／m。各草種經壓實處理後均導致葉數和側芽數降低；地上部、根部乾、鮮重減少，而枝／根比例提高。以各草種之對照組為100%，與同一草種壓實處理組比較，經壓實處理的相對葉數（%）和相對側芽數（%）以馬尼拉草和百慕達草較高，明顯優於地毯草、假儉草和兩耳草。而其相對地上部乾重（%）和相對根部乾重（%）仍以馬尼拉草最高，其次為百慕達草和假儉草，而以兩耳草和地毯草最低。由上述推論馬尼拉草和百慕達草為較耐土壤壓實之草種，值得踐踏頻繁地區應用。

Five turfgrass species, including bermudagrass, centipedegrass, maniJagrass, tropical carpetgrass and sourgrass were studied for the tolerance of soil compaction. The values of soil hardness and bulk density of compacted soil media obviously increased among all tested turfgrasses. After compaction treatment, the number of leaves and shoots or the fresh weight and dry weight of the tops and roots were reduced in all five turfgrasses, however the top/root ratio increased. Comparing the control plants (without compaction treatment), the relative leaf no. (%) and/or relative shoot no. (%) of compacted manilagrass and bermudagrass were obviously higher than those of tropical carpetgrass, centipedegrass and sourgrass. Based on the relative top dry weight (%) and/or relative root dry weight (%) , the maniJagrass had the highest level, followed by bermudagrass and centipedegrass, and then sourgrass and tropical carpetgrass . This suggests that manilagrass and bermudagrass have good tolerance to soil compaction.