論《後西遊記》之寓意對晚明個人價值的定位

On the Indices of ＂The Journey to the West＂ to the Orientation of the Personal Value of the Late Ming Dynasty

本文預計由社會價值的角度切入，論述《後西遊記》中個人意識與社會群體的關係，以證明《後西遊記》之作者，應有糾正晚明弊端的意圖，並在此意向之下進行創作，透過續寫《西遊記》的方式，以各式人物、情節包裝解脫的途徑。《後西遊記》應是對整體社會價值重新定位，透過小說的神怪情節，誇張地彰顯了社會弊端，使讀者在閱讀時能受作者引導，達到潛移默化的效果，藉以重新定位晚明的社會價值，在表述手法上亦不同於直接說理的經學、哲理，或宗教勸善之著作。在晚明情論風氣盛行的情況之下，《後西遊記》顯然受到該氛圍的影響，將情視為客觀自然的存在，對於人的情欲不再是枯燥的禁慾主義，而是站在情為天生自然的立場上，予以先天存在的肯定。較為特殊的是，《後西遊記》仍強調以禮節制的倫理規範，對情的存有既不否定，但也不認為縱情而行是治世的方法。在小說中暗示了情慾需要受到社會性的規範，如此一來，個體才能在疏導人的本能衝動，又不毀棄穩定的社會結構下，得到真正的安頓。且在書中指出人心的執著，會造成情欲的過度擴展，使人沉溺於其間，彰顯了心所占有的關鍵意義，直接諷刺世人以取得功利為目標的行為，並不斷在小說情節中，暗示著人應當回歸道義倫理，而不能將其視為獲取財利的手段。

This article is expected to be cut from the social value point of view, discuss the ＂after Journey to the West＂ in the personal consciousness and the relationship between social groups to prove that the ＂after Journey to the West,＂ the author should correct the late draw of intent, and this intention Creation, through the continued writing ＂Journey to the West＂ way, with all kinds of characters, the plot of the way to escape the package. ＂Journey to the West＂ should be re-positioning of the overall social value, through the novel's strange plot, exaggerated to highlight the social malpractice, so that readers can be guided by the reader to achieve subtle effects, in order to re-positioning the late social value, In the expression of the way is also different from the direct reasoning of the study, philosophy, or religious persuasion works. In the context of the late Ming style of love, ＂after Journey to the West＂ is clearly affected by the atmosphere, the situation as the existence of objective and natural, for human lust is no longer boring asceticism, but standing For the natural stand, to be innate affirmation. More special is that the ＂after Journey to the West＂ still stressed that the ethical norms of the ritual, the existence of the situation neither to deny, but do not think that indulgence is the way to rule the world. In the novel that the desire to be subject to social norms, this way, the individual can ease the instincts of the impulse, without destroying a stable social structure, get a real settlement. And in the book that the dedication of the people, will lead to excessive expansion of lust, people indulge in the meantime, highlighting the heart of the possession of the key meaning, directly to the world to achieve utilitarian as the goal of behavior, and constantly in the novel plot, suggesting People should return to moral ethics, and can not be regarded as a means to obtain financial benefits.