「盜版者就是盜火者」：字幕組網路社群之禮物文化

“Pirates are Fire-bringers＂: The Gift Culture in Internet-based Subtitle Groups

字幕組是由熱愛美國流行影視文化的中國年輕人和青年人組成之網路團體，他們翻譯美國電視劇和美國電影，加上中文字幕，把嵌入中文字幕的影視檔案放在網路供觀眾免費下載，並且設立互動平台，讓觀眾討論字幕及劇情。本文分析觀眾在網路上針對人人字幕組網站被關閉之「盜版者就是盜火者」事件之討論，並且探討字幕組成員對智慧財產權的分歧看法。本文認為，觀眾和譯者在字幕組社群實踐了禮物文化原則，他們共同將字幕組經營成美國流行文化影迷交換知識和精進語言能力的網路社群：譯者提供免費中文字幕，觀眾欣賞字幕並且提供情感回饋。觀眾和譯者的互助、互惠關係構成法律體制之外另一種道德性。

Subtitle groups are Internet-based communities composed of Chinese youth and young adults who are fond of American television programs and movies. Volunteer subtitlers participating in subtitle groups translate these media programs into Chinese, and post the programs with Chinese subtitles online for free downloads. This study documents the event, “Pirates are fire-bringers,＂ taking place on the Internet in April 2014. This study also explores how audience members and subtitlers responded to this event and the controversy over subtitle groups regarding intellectual property infringements. This study shows that audience members and subtitlers practice the theory of gift exchanges on the communities of subtitle groups. That is, they collaborate to build subtitle groups as platforms where fans of American television programs and movies exchange their latest information on American popular culture and sharpen their language skills.