聚落空間與社會鄰群：電子運算考古學在排灣高士舊社Saqacengalj的運用

Settlement Space and Neighbourhoods: Applying Computing Archaeology in Saqacengalj, Taiwan

本研究的主要目的在於試圖理解排灣高士Saqacengalj舊社中的社會互動關係，而本文即著重於運用空間資訊分析工具探討張光直所謂「聚落內部區域特性」於該舊社中的功能和意義，並以此奠定日後探討社會個體互動的社群關係基礎。空間資訊分析這類電腦分析工具可以幫助考古學家瞭解更多的空間資訊：地理資訊系統（GIS）、空間型構或是大型社會網絡分析等分析工具，可以呈現和整合單一遺物的特徵要素、比較和彙整多種遺物、建立同類遺物間的脈絡、以及建立個體行為活動的模型與模擬。本文不僅運用這些空間資訊分析工具探討該舊社中的聚落模式與社群關係，並且藉此案例展示如何有效運用空間資訊分析工具達到研究者的分析目的，提供更多資訊以便於對社會、文化、政治或經濟議題進行更為深入的探討。

This research aims to explore the nature of a 'segmented village' in the abandoned settlement 'Saqacengalj' by applying spatial technologies. Computer applications such as: GIS, space syntax, and even social network analysis software can benefit archaeologists' spatial understanding. These spatial technologies allow archaeologists to manage vast quantities of data, have flexible visualisations and displays, perform sophisticated exploratory and statistical investigations, and even do agent-based modelling. This research not only applies these spatial technologies to explore the settlement pattern and social relation of the Saqacengalj site, but also demonstrates how these tools can assist researchers to achieve their analytical goals and utilise information for more in-depth discussions of social, cultural, political and economic issues.